10.4122/1.1000001622
Graaf, R.E. De
R.E. De
Graaf
Ven, F.H.M. Van De
F.H.M. Van De
Ven
Transitions to more sustainable concepts of urban water management and water supply
DTU Library, Technical University of Denmark (DTU)
2005
Conference full text
Drainage and water supply
transitions
water conservation
water quality management
future water systems
Delft University Of Technology, Faculty Of Civil Engineering
Faculty Of Civil Engineering
Delft University Of Technology
2005
en
10.4122/1.1000001621
application/pdf
The sustainability of the existing urban water management systems in the Netherlands can be improved significantly. This paper deals with investigating the feasibility of other concepts for drainage and water supply, in order to achieve more sustainable urban water systems in the future. To start with, a number of features of the urban water system and water supply, which can be regarded as unsustainable, will be evaluated. Secondly, the feasibility of a potential future water system concept, \342\200\231the closed city\342\200\231, is discussed. The closed city uses local rainfall as the only source of water; no external water supply is needed for such a city. By means of a \342\200\230connected reservoir model\342\200\231 water availability is evaluated for various climatic situations. Water quality is discussed, using pollution sources, balance principles and requirements of the water system as starting points to reach the Maximum Allowable Risk standards for oxygen concentration. Finally, guidelines for the design of \342\200\230closed cities\342\200\231 are presented, illustrating (1) the consequences of the new concept and (2) the transitions required to implement such a new concept.